Papiliochromis ramirezi – Ram Cichlid (2.5–3 inches)

Also known as the Ram Cichlid, Butterfly Cichlid, or Ramirez’s Dwarf Cichlid, Papiliochromis ramirezi (formerly Mikrogeophagus ramirezi) is a captivating and popular freshwater species. Admired for its vibrant colors and engaging behaviors, it's a favorite in community and planted aquariums. These fish form monogamous pairs and demonstrate remarkable parental care. 

Size

• Reaches about 2.5–3 inches (6–7.5 cm). 

Behavior & Social Needs

• Generally peaceful but should be kept either as a pair or small group, especially in larger tanks to help divide territories during breeding 

• Ideal tankmates include other peaceful, small fish such as tetras, rasboras, Corydoras, and shrimp that can coexist at similar water conditions. 

Tank Conditions

• Tank Size: Minimum of 10 gallons (20 L) for a pair; a 20+ gallon (75 L) tank is recommended for community setups. 

• Temperature: Optimal range between 78–85 °F (25–30 °C).

• pH: Soft, slightly acidic to neutral — 5.0–7.0 ideal. 

• Hardness: Soft water preferred; generally 0–8 dH. 

• Setup: A planted aquarium with a fine sandy substrate, driftwood, caves or flat stones for spawning sites, and dim lighting accentuates their coloration and supports natural behavior. 

Diet

• Omnivorous — enjoy a varied diet of high-quality flakes or pellets, supplemented with live or frozen foods like brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms for optimal health and coloration. 

Lifespan & Hardiness

• Moderately hardy but sensitive to water quality fluctuations; frequent partial water changes are essential. Lifespan generally ranges 3–5 years under stable conditions.